The landscape of scientific research is undergoing a rapid transformation. Smart chemicals, designed with intelligent methods, are emerging as the foundation of this revolution. These compounds possess remarkable properties, enabling them to react to their environment in targeted ways. From autonomous materials to medical devices, smart chemicals a

Gold sputtering targets are essential components in various thin-film deposition processes, owing to their exceptional properties. These targets, often made of high-purity gold, are used in a sputtering system to generate an ionized plasma that deposits a thin layer of gold onto a substrate. The resulting gold films exhibit remarkable durability, m